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There are several alternatives available to a taxpayer who cannot pay a delinquent tax liability. If the taxpayer does not qualify for an offer in compromise or cannot afford an installment agreement, filing for bankruptcy may be a viable option. In many circumstances, bankruptcy may be the best choice for resolving a tax problem. Additionally, unlike an offer in compromise or an installment agreement, a bankruptcy may have the added benefit of addressing other liabilities, such as state taxes and non-tax debt, thus providing a more complete solution to the taxpayer’s financial problems. Before filing for bankruptcy, it is important to know that tax debt must meet certain criteria to be dischargeable in bankruptcy.
Examples of taxes that are not dischargeable:
A. Tax that qualifies as a priority tax, as follows:
- Income taxes for which the due date of the return, including extensions, is within three years before the date of the filing of the bankruptcy, will be a priority claim
- Income taxes assessed within 240 days of the date of bankruptcy will be a priority claim
B. Tax that relates to a return that was not filed or was filed late within two years before the bankruptcy petition
C. A return filed by the IRS, known as a substitute for return (SFR) prepared by the IRS is not a return for discharge purposes
D. The tax return was fraudulent or the taxpayer willfully attempted to evade or defeat payment of the tax
E. Taxes other than income tax are usually not dischargeable
Frequently Asked Questions About Bankruptcy
Can you discharge taxes in bankruptcy?
What taxes can you discharge in a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy?
- Income Tax
- At least three years old
- Based on tax returns filed at least two years ago or prior
- Assessed at least 240 days before you filed for bankruptcy
- Not linked to any fraud or evasion
Is bankruptcy the best option for IRS tax settlement?
Can a tax lien be removed or released in bankruptcy?
If a person files for Chapter 13 bankruptcy, once your payment plan is complete the tax lien gets removed. In most cases however the tax lien will stay in place during your replayment plan.
What are some differences between Chapter 7 and Chapter 13 Bankruptcy?
When a person files for Chapter 13 Bankruptcy you do not need to sell all your assets, but you do have to enter into a 3 to 5 year repayment plan. In this case you will end up paying all of your priority tax debt and the majority of your non-priority tax debt.
What assets are exempt in a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy?
- 401(k)s, IRAs, and other retirement plans
- Welfare, Social Security, and Unemployment Insurance
- Primary Vehichle under a specific value
- Home Equity (typically only $20,000 – $30,000)
- Books, tools, clothing, and other personal property
When and why should you consider Chapter 13 Bankruptcy?
- a person earns too much money in order to qualify for Chapter 7 bankruptcy
- you may not be able to discharge certain debts when filing for Chapter 7 bankruptcy
- You are behind on your car payments or mortgage payments
- You do not wish to liquidate non-exempt assets
- You want to resolve your tax debt through a payment plan.